It’s the start of a new festival season, as music lovers far and wide prepare for a summer full of multi-day events featuring some of their favorite artists and DJs, along with plenty of dancing. For many, the festival experience also involves consuming a variety of drugs to amp up the experience.

This year’s Drug Safety at Music Festivals study, conducted by research firm Innerbody, sheds additional light on the habits and plans of festival goers this year while also addressing some of the best ways for folks to stay safe should they decide to consume substances at these events.

The study uses survey data from 900 people and suggests that about 87% of festival attendees plan to take drugs, a 10% increase from last year’s figure. 

Examining Most Popular Festival Drugs, Genres and Events With Most Drug Use

The study focuses on a variety of topics surrounding drug use at music festivals, beginning with the most popular substances that festival goers plan to use during the upcoming season. 

Alcohol is always the top substance consumed at festivals, but the study did not include it and focused solely on drug usage. That said, cannabis takes the top slot by far, with 65.3% of festival goers who plan to use drugs saying they will consume cannabis. Authors note that the widespread legalization of recreational cannabis across the U.S. may make cannabis a less risky option for attendees. 

Cocaine was the second most popular choice (46.5%), followed by psychedelics (26.1%), MDMA (19.4%), ketamine (19.3%), amphetamines (13.7%), opioids (12.1%), benzodiazepines (10.1%), synthetic drugs like bath salts or spice (9.7%), hallucinogens like salvia or peyote (6.1%) and inhalants (6%).

Plans to use cocaine are up from last year’s numbers, though there was a 2% drop in the number of people who plan to use opioids — which authors noted as surprising given the continued opioid overdose epidemic though still “encouraging.”

The study found that rock, hip-hop and EDM are the genres most likely to have audience members under the influence of drugs, with Wisconsin’s Rock Fest claiming the top slot as the festival with the most anticipated drug use, according to survey participants. The weeklong Burning Man festival held in Nevada’s Black Rock Desert took the second slot, while Coachella was third place for most anticipated drug use.

Festival Drug Concealment, Consumption and Drug Testing Behaviors

The study also looked at drug concealment, consumption and testing behaviors among those planning to consume for festivals, finding that just 32.6% bring their own drugs with them to the event while the remaining 67.4% buy them at the festival. Last year’s results found that 46% planned to bring their own drugs to the events. Millennials were the most likely generation to buy drugs at the venue rather than purchasing them beforehand.

In regard to drug testing, a majority (80.3%) test their drugs before the event or festival, an increase from last year’s approximately 67% figure. 

“This increase in testing could be due to more awareness surrounding the U.S. opioid crisis and the public education efforts that have taken place,” authors note. “But while the data is encouraging, it still reflects the reality that 20% of festival goers could be taking potentially dangerous drugs at concerts.”

Concealing drugs in backpacks and pockets are the most common choices, and researchers also found that attendees tend to take drugs in one of three places with a fairly balanced distribution: the restroom (29%), within the crowd (31%) or outside the festival gates (33%).

Health Issues, Risky Behavior Harm Reduction and Festival Drug Use

Though authors indicate that the broader prevalence of drug testing is encouraging, the study notes that more than half of survey participants said they had experienced health-related issues that warranted medical attention while under the influence of drugs at festivals. The most common complications attendees experienced were heat stroke, a bad trip and dehydration. 

The survey also found that drug use tended to lead festival goers to engage in riskier behavior at the events, with 66% of both Gen Z and millennial respondents reporting they had done so while attending festivals under the influence. Engaging in sex with a stranger was one of the most prevalent examples, most prominent among millennials, while one in every four millennials also reported “driving dangerously” after a festival ended.

Authors note that abstaining and testing drugs before using them are some of the best harm reduction methods, though surveyed festival goers largely reported self-education about the drugs they were using, the risks and potential side effects as their go-to safety measure. The second-most common strategy was starting with a low dosage, followed by drug testing.

“Being aware of your surroundings, remaining close to your friends, keeping hydrated, and familiarizing yourself with the location of medical tents are also easy and practical ways to help stay safe at music festivals,” authors close.

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Sen. Bernie Sanders is once again keeping drug makers in check, suggesting that people living with cancer are being preyed on by greedy interests.

On Monday, Sanders demanded a Department of Health-led investigation into a proposal to grant a company with an exclusive patent license for cancer treatment and methods, produced with public resources and a potential conflict of interest.

The sexually transmitted infection Human papillomavirus (HPV) can lead to six types of cancer and most cervical cancer, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) reports. It can be dormant for years or cause genital warts or worse. Last month, National Institutes of Health (NIH) proposed granting Kingston, New Jersey-based Scarlet TCR a patent for a T-cell therapy for HPV, which has undergone a Phase I trial and has a Phase II trial scheduled to conclude in 2025.

There’s no cure for HPV, but drug developers are examining T-cell therapies to combat HPV and the cancers it leads to, including Scarlet TCR. Sometimes they’re gene-engineered. (CBD is also being explored for its potential to inhibit cervical cancer cells.) 

There’s a problem though. The patent proposal and the company’s ties to an ex-government employee and other inconsistencies were revealed in an Oct. 18 report by The American Prospect. The NIH quietly applied to be granted “an exclusive patent for a cancer drug, potentially worth hundreds of millions or even billions of dollars, to an obscure company staffed by one of its former employees,” The American Prospect reports.

Sanders, chairman of the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee, demanded a probe of the patent proposal in an Oct. 23 letter to Christi Grimm, who is inspector general of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The HELP committee also announced Sander’s open letter on Oct. 23.

Sanders suggested the NIH is allowing a company to take advantage of a life-saving cancer drug.

“I am growing increasingly alarmed that not only has the NIH abdicated its authority to ensure that the new drugs it helps develop are reasonably priced, it may actually be exceeding its authority to grant monopoly licenses to pharmaceutical companies that charge the American people, by far, the highest prices in the world for prescription drugs,” Sanders wrote. “One particularly egregious example has recently been brought to my attention that I believe demands your immediate attention.”

Sanders argued that the NIH should be doing more to lower the cost of drug therapy.

“There does not appear to be anything reasonable and necessary about granting a monopoly for a treatment that was invented, manufactured and tested by the NIH, is already in late stage trials and could potentially enrich a former NIH employee who was one of the major government researchers of this treatment,” Sanders wrote. “Based on current law and the best interest of U.S. taxpayers who paid for this cancer therapy, it would seem to make more sense for the NIH to offer non-exclusive licenses so that multiple manufacturers can produce this important cancer therapy at reasonable and affordable prices. The apparent abuse of the system by the NIH with respect to the exclusive patent license for this cancer therapy is so egregious that it has been characterized as a ‘how-to-become-a-billionaire program run by the NIH.’”

“If accurate,” Sanders wrote, “that would be absolutely unacceptable. The NIH should be doing everything within its authority to lower the outrageously high price of prescription drugs. It should not be granting a monopoly on a promising taxpayer-funded therapy that could cost hundreds of thousands of dollars for cancer patients in a way that appears to exceed its statutory authority.”

The American Prospect story pointed out that the NIH offering an exclusive license for a cancer treatment to a company with no website or SEC filings staffed by a former NIH employee

More Ethical Drug Research

There is historical precedence on life-saving drugs or therapies that didn’t need a patent: On Jan. 23, 1923, Sir Frederick G. Banting, James B. Collip, and Charles Best, discoverers of insulin, were awarded U.S. patents on insulin and the methods used. They all sold these patents to the University of Toronto for $1 each. Banting said, “Insulin does not belong to me, it belongs to the world.” 

While things have changed and the price of insulin skyrocketed, new efforts are being made by the drug’s top three makers to make insulin affordable once again.

When the polio vaccine was found to be 90% effective, its discoverer wasn’t in it for the money. On April 12, 1955, Edward R. Murrow asked Jonas Salk who owned the patent to the polio vaccine. “Well, the people, I would say,” Salk responded. “There is no patent. Could you patent the sun?”

In today’s pharmaceutical world, some of those values are lost.

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It’s time for Big Pharma companies that were caught lying to the public to pay up. 

A new report compiled by ConsumerShield suggests the past decade was defined by record-high settlements and penalties in the pharmaceuticals sector, totalling over $80 billion in fines and penalties.

ConsumerShield’s report, “The Pharmaceutical Industry: Balancing Profits, Penalties, and Public Safety,” was published on Oct. 17, and it shows that the lion’s share of violations involve synthetic opioids that clearly cause dependence and are powerful enough to stop breathing.

London Loves Business reports that the study shows that since 2010, the pharmaceutical industry has incurred $82.8 billion in penalties during over 500 instances of recorded violations due to drug and medical device safety non-observance, unapproved promotion of medical products, breaches of the False Claims Act, and other violations.

The biggest culprit—Johnson & Johnson—clocked in with over 45 violation records during the study period, leading to a total of  $24.5 billion in penalties. Johnson & Johnson paid $18 billion USD in penalties over the past five years in opioid and talc cases alone. Next is Teva Pharmaceuticals with penalties of $8.5 billion, AbbVie with penalties of $7.1 billion, GSK plc with penalties of $5.6 billion, and Pfizer with penalties of $3.2 billion.

The report also lists significant settlements, with one case standing out: the Purdue Pharma case, resulting in an order to pay $8.3 billion. On Oct. 21, 2020, the Department of Justice announced a massive fine culminating its criminal and civil investigations into the opioid manufacturer Purdue Pharma, and a civil resolution of its civil investigation into individual shareholders from the Sackler family.  

Purdue and the Sacklers continued to market OxyContin and opioid products to over 100 health care providers despite the company knowing there was good reason to believe they were diverting opioids and reporting misleading information to the DEA to boost Purdue’s manufacturing quotas. 

Hundreds of thousands of people overdosed and died in the process. Nearly 88% of opioid-involved overdose deaths involved synthetic opioids, and opioids were the cause of 80,411 overdose deaths in 2021—75.4% of all drug overdose deaths, the CDC reported in 2021 when overdoses peaked. Compare that to heroin overdoses, which caused just 9,000 overdoses in 2021 unless they were mixed with opioids. Almost ten times more OD’d on synthetic opioids.

“The abuse and diversion of prescription opioids has contributed to a national tragedy of addiction and deaths, in addition to those caused by illicit street opioids,” said Deputy Attorney General Jeffrey A. Rosen.  “With criminal guilty pleas, a federal settlement of more than $8 billion, and the dissolution of a company and repurposing its assets entirely for the public’s benefit, the resolution in today’s announcement re-affirms that the Department of Justice will not relent in its multi-pronged efforts to combat the opioids crisis.”

Most of us know about the ravages of the opioid epidemic, but what’s the deal with talc? Pharmaceuticals can kill you in other ways. Talcum powder lawsuits claim consumers were diagnosed with cancer after using talc-based Johnson & Johnson baby powder.

A Solemn Warning

The ConsumerShield report kicks off with a solemn warning:

“It is with a sense of urgency and responsibility that we delve deep into the prevailing paradigms of the pharma industry,” the report reads. “Our investigation is geared towards understanding whether the soaring profits are inadvertently overshadowing the paramount need for consumer safety, ethical promotions, and pioneering research initiatives.

“The stark discrepancy between R&D investments and marketing expenditures, coupled with the persistence of unethical practices despite soaring penalties, necessitates a comprehensive examination of the industry’s commitment to ethical practices and consumer well-being.”

ConsumerShield representatives say that what the data shows is disturbing.

“The juxtaposition of soaring revenues and escalating penalties is alarming,” ConsumerShield Senior Analyst Jane Doe told London Loves Business. “But what’s even more disturbing is the obvious disparity between companies’ spending on research and development (R&D) and their enormous marketing budgets.”

The False Claims Act is the federal government’s primary litigation tool in combating fraud against the government, and part of that includes consumer protections.

“Pharmaceutical companies that have engaged in illegal off-label marketing or promotion of their drugs have paid the Government hundreds of millions of dollars as a result of Federal False Claims Act cases, often times brought by pharmaceutical sales representatives, sales managers, compliance officers, other pharmaceutical company employees, physicians, nurses and/or employees of hospitals or physician practices,” the False Claims Act Pharmaceutical Fraud summary reads.

The report shows the repercussions of marketing opioids despite receiving warnings about its enormous deadly impact, notwithstanding the people who actually need opioids to deal with high levels of pain.

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Judging by the events of last week, drugs might be easier to find in prison than on the street. At least two major drone delivery operations flying drugs on demand into prisons were shut down by federal agents in the past week. Drones delivered not only weed, but spice/K2 drugs that mimic weed, butane oil, and an assortment of other drugs and contraband items.

The U.S. Attorney’s Office, Eastern District of California posted a press release on Thursday, announcing that four defendants have been indicted in schemes to deliver drugs into prisons via drone.

• Michael Ray Acosta, 48—already an inmate at Pleasant Valley State Prison—is charged with conspiracy to distribute drugs and will face federal racketeering charges.
• Jose Enrique Oropeza, 34, of Colton, California, is charged with conspiracy to own and operate an unregistered drone and several other charges.
• Rosendo Rene Ramirez, 34, of Sacramento, is charged with conspiracy to distribute drugs with an unregistered drone and several other charges, compounded by the use of firearms.
• David Ramirez Jr., 34, of Sacramento, is charged with conspiracy to distribute drugs and several other charges.

“According to court documents, between Jan. 1, and Dec. 10, 2021, Acosta used a contraband cellphone to coordinate multiple drone deliveries of contraband into Pleasant Valley State Prison and other prisons across the state,” the attorney’s office wrote, adding that the other three men operated the fleet of drones to deliver the drugs.

“Oropeza, Rosendo Ramirez, and David Ramirez Jr. flew drones over the prisons and dropped packages of contraband into the prisons. Acosta and his associates would then recover the contraband for further distribution throughout the prison population. The packages that Acosta helped to smuggle into the prisons included methamphetamine, heroin, cocaine, marijuana, cellphones, cellphone accessories, butane oil, and various other items.

If convicted of conspiracy charges, the defendants face a maximum statutory penalty of 10 years to life in prison and fines of up to $10 million. If convicted of possession with intent to distribute drugs, the defendants face a statutory penalty of five to 40 years in prison and a fine of up to $5 million. Since Rosendo Rene Ramirez is a felon and possessed a firearm, he faces additional charges that could tack on another 10 years and fines to his sentence.

More Drones Used to Deliver Drugs

Meanwhile, another team of criminals allegedly used drones to deliver drugs into the U.S. Penitentiary in Leavenworth. In this operation, six more were indicted on drug charges.

All six people face an assortment of conspiracy and drug possession charges. Dale Gaver III and Melvin Edwards—already in prison on other charges—allegedly arranged with four more people outside the prison to deliver drugs. Between August 2020 and May 2021, drugs on demand were available, and inmates into the prison yard could order specific drugs, The Wichita Eagle reports.

• Dale Gaver III, 35, originally of Omaha, Nebraska.
• Dale Gaver II, 54, originally of Omaha, Nebraska.
• Joshua Hamilton, 37, originally of Omaha, Nebraska.
• Rex Hill 33, of Riverside, California.
• Melvin Edwards, 44, of Riverside, California.
• Tamarae Hollman, 36, of Riverside, California.

This drone delivery operation involved men who allegedly delivered drugs into prison via drone, The Sacramento Bee reports. In this case, drones delivered spice/K2 drugs, marijuane, cigarettes, and cellphones into the prison.

This prison is especially notable because it housed the first people to be arrested for weed under the 1937 Marihuana Tax Act.

Court documents do not list the names of attorneys for the defendants.

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A California lawmaker on Monday introduced legislation to decriminalize the possession and use of natural psychedelics including psilocybin, the primary psychoactive compound found in magic mushrooms. The bill, introduced by state Senator Scott Wiener, follows similar legislation the San Francisco Democrat introduced last year that was eventually gutted by the legislature in August.

The bill likely faces opposition from law enforcement groups wary of the potential safety risks of easing restrictions on psychedelic drugs, according to media reports. But the measure is backed by mental health professionals and veterans groups that want to allow access to the potential benefits of the compounds.

“Psychedelics have tremendous capacity to help people heal, but right now, using them is a criminal offense,” Wiener said in a statement. “These drugs literally save lives and are some of the most promising treatments we have for PTSD, anxiety, depression, and addiction.”

Psychedelics And Mental Health

Clinical research and other studies into psychedelics such as psilocybin have shown that the drugs have potential therapeutic benefits, particularly for serious mental health conditions such as depression, addiction and anxiety. Research published in the peer-reviewed journal JAMA Psychiatry in 2020 found that psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy was an effective and quick-acting treatment for a group of 24 participants with major depressive disorder. A separate study published in 2016 determined that psilocybin treatment produced substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer.

The legislation introduced on Monday, Senate Bill 58 (SB 58), would decriminalize the possession and use of small quantities of natural psychedelic drugs including psilocybin, ibogaine, mescaline and dimethyltryptamine (DMT). The bill does not legalize the sale of psychedelic drugs. Chad Harman, CEO of psychedelics-focused biotech firm Psycheceutical, said that SB 58 “is a huge advancement for the progress of the psychedelic movement.”

“A careful review of the science and facts surrounding these potentially life-saving compounds is exactly what we have been fighting for, and now the State of California is showing signs of being on board,” Harman wrote in an email. “Not only does this decriminalization bill confirm growing momentum and acceptance from the scientific and medical communities, but it could set the precedent needed for other states to follow suit.”

Bill Follows Similar Measure Introduced Last Year

The measure is similar to legislation introduced by Wiener last year, although the new bill does not include synthetic psychedelics such as LSD or MDMA (ecstasy) that were included in the previous version. The earlier measure, Senate Bill 519 (SB 519), was stripped of its decriminalization provisions by a legislative committee, leaving legislation that only funded a study of the proposal.

“While I am extremely disappointed by this result, I am looking to reintroducing this legislation next year and continuing to make the case that it’s time to end the War on Drugs,” Wiener said in an August statement after learning of the changes made to SB 519. “Psychedelic drugs, which are not addictive, have incredible promise when it comes to mental health and addiction treatment. We are not giving up.”

Joshua Kappel, an attorney with the cannabis and psychedelics law firm Vicente Sederberg, said that Wiener’s new bill could advance the use of psychedelics for mental health, similar to a ballot measure passed by Colorado voters in last month’s midterm elections.

“California’s SB 58 is smart drug policy. John Hopkins, UCLA, and many other universities are discovering that psychedelic-assisted therapy shows promise in treating addiction, depression, and PTSD, Kappel wrote in an email to High Times. “Similar to what the voters recently passed in Colorado through Prop 122, SB 58 decriminalizes the same natural medicines and creates a pathway for supervised therapeutic use.”

Although the bill is supported by some mental health professionals and veterans groups, it is likely to face opposition from law enforcement groups that opposed Wiener’s original bill.

“Without more evidence that these hallucinogenic drugs are no more dangerous than cannabis, we cannot support legalizing them,” the California District Attorneys Assn. wrote in opposition to the previous version of the bill. “Hallucinations can be dangerous to users and bystanders alike, and it is not clear that the benefit of legalizing these drugs outweighs the cost to the common welfare.”

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The state Supreme Court just tossed Washington’s felony drug possession law. What exactly does that mean?

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